HIP:wind

Colin will look into how to do damping of the direction and speed readimg.

HIPs Standards

• Wind direction and speed shall be determined by averaging the values over a 2-minute period [Handbook].
• Instantaneous velocities are sampled every 30 seconds.

Standards

Federal Meteorological Handbook

• http://www.ofcm.gov/fmh-1/fmh1.htm
• [Wind]

Indiana State Climate Office

• http://shadow.agry.purdue.edu/sc.hly-faq.html#q11
• Measures once every second, averaged every 5 seconds. The 5 second averages are used in the 2-minute average.

Databases

• [Indiana Climate Data Access]

Placement

• The international standard for anemometer height above the ground is 10 meters (33 feet) with no obstructions. [2]

Keeping Records

Sampling Standards

• Mean Wind Speed and Direction: 2-minute mean of speed and direction sampled [2]
• Wind direction is recorded in degrees from true north [1 19][2 ].

Data Sampling

NWS Spaceflight Meterology Group

• http://www.srh.noaa.gov/smg/wxsensors.htm
• Raw sensor data: once every 10-30 seconds
• Averaging period: two minute wind direction and speed
• Gust: highest instantaneous measurement in past two minutes

Farmland

• http://shadow.agry.purdue.edu/cgi-bin/map_patrol/images/cd_zen.map?162,104
• Lists wind direction, speed, and gust.

Indiana State Climate Office

• http://shadow.agry.purdue.edu/sc.hly-faq.html#q11
• Measures once every second, averaged every 5 seconds. The 5 second averages are used in the 2-minute average.

Federal Meteorological Handbook

• http://www.ofcm.gov/fmh-1/fmh1.htm
• [Wind]

METAR

• http://metar.noaa.gov/

Calculations

• The mode is consisidered the prevailing wind direction. [1 19]
• Dividing each recording into a north-south and east-west vector, averaging them, and then reassembling the vectors. [1 19]

Sampling Standards

• Mean Wind Speed and Direction: 2-minute mean of speed and direction sampled before the observation valid time sampled from high-resoluation data (minimum: 5 second instrument polling).
• Gust: Maximum 'instantaneous' wind value observed in the 10 minutes before the observation time.

External Links

• International Weather Watchers Observer Handbook
• CWOP Weather Station Siting, Performance, and Data Quality Guide
• Averaging Wind Speed and Direction
• Wind Energy Resource Atlas of the United States
• Vector vs. Scalar Averaging of Wind Data
• http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/wndav.shtml
• http://www.windustry.org/resources/WIND%20PROSPECTING_Monitoring%20at%20Site_FEB05.pdf

Data Sets

• [1]